The evolution of song folklore and its influence on the development of the national musical tradition

Resumo

Globalisation processes actualise the need for a systematic study of the evolution of song folklore as a key element of national identity and the basis of the musical tradition. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate the patterns of evolution of song folklore and to determine the mechanisms of its influence on the formation of national musical traditions in the context of socio-cultural transformations. The study was carried out using a set of complementary methods: structural and typological, comparative, semiotic, functional and statistical analysis. As a result, a theoretical typology of evolutionary processes in song folklore has been developed, which includes six models: linear-stage, divergent, convergent, cyclic, substrate-superstrate and adaptive, and a correlation between geographical, socio-historical factors and the intensity of folklore transformations has been revealed. The analysis of song genres of the South-West Zhetys (Kazakhstan) has shown uneven preservation of traditional forms in different regions, where the highest percentage of preservation of ritual folklore (65%) is recorded in the southern regions, while in the northern and central regions this figure does not exceed 30%. A model of the influence of song folklore on the formation of national musical identity through four levels of integration of folklore elements into professional musical culture is created and five strategies for preserving traditional musical forms in the context of globalisation are systematised. The results of the study can be used in the development of state programmes for the preservation of intangible cultural heritage, to improve ethnomusicology curricula and to create methods for adapting traditional forms to the modern cultural context.